Hydrogen Fuel Cell Info
原創(chuàng)BY：Becky and Clare（轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)注明出處）
Scholz Ups Global Hydrogen Ambitions, Dwarfs EU Initiative
德國(guó)總理奧拉夫·朔爾茨推出全球氫能計(jì)劃，令歐盟計(jì)劃相形見(jiàn)絀
Speaking in Egypt, German Chancellor Olaf Scholz announced extra funding for the government’s global hydrogen funding instrument, H2Global, to facilitate the global market ramp-up.
德國(guó)總理奧拉夫·朔爾茨在埃及召開(kāi)的COP27期間發(fā)表講話，為政府全球氫能融資工具H2Global提供特別資助，促進(jìn)全球氫能市場(chǎng)增長(zhǎng)。
Hydrogen, currently produced almost entirely by burning fossil fuels and somewhat damaging to the climate, does not emit CO2 when burned. If made using renewable sources, it can be considered “green.” The odourless and invisible gas has become a beacon of hope for economies hoping to decarbonise.
目前通過(guò)化石生產(chǎn)的氫對(duì)氣候有一定的破懷性。氫氣在燃燒時(shí)不排放CO2。利用可再生能源生產(chǎn)的綠氫，是德國(guó)脫碳經(jīng)濟(jì)體的希望。
“Green hydrogen is the key to decarbonising our economies, especially for hard-to-electrify sectors such as steel production, the chemical industry, heavy shipping and aviation,” explained Scholz during a roundtable titled “Investing in the Future of Energy: Green Hydrogen” at COP27 on Tuesday (8 November).
朔爾茨在COP27召開(kāi)的題為“投資未來(lái)能源：綠氫”的圓桌會(huì)議上表示，對(duì)鋼鐵生產(chǎn)、化工、重型航運(yùn)和航空等難以電氣化的行業(yè)來(lái)說(shuō)，綠氫是德國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)脫碳的關(guān)鍵。
About 75 million tonnes of fossil-based hydrogen are already produced annually and usually used locally. Yet, Scholz said, “green hydrogen is not some distant future fantasy.”
To speed up the way there, Germany has rallied the wealthiest industrial nations.
全球每年已生產(chǎn)約7500萬(wàn)噸化石氫，且通常在當(dāng)?shù)厥褂谩?span style="font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 1.5px;text-align: left;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">朔爾茨表示，綠氫并不是遙遠(yuǎn)未來(lái)的幻想。
“During our current [German] G7 presidency, we agreed on a hydrogen action pact to accelerate the market ramp-up of low carbon and renewable hydrogen and derivatives,” Scholz highlighted.
朔爾茨強(qiáng)調(diào)，為加速該過(guò)程，德國(guó)召集了全球最富有的工業(yè)國(guó)。在德國(guó)輪值G7主席國(guó)期間，G7就氫能行動(dòng)協(xié)議達(dá)成一致，加速低碳和可再生氫及衍生物市場(chǎng)增長(zhǎng)。
The G7 hydrogen action plan is considered controversial for its recognition of low-carbon hydrogen, an alternative term for “blue” hydrogen, where the rising CO2 emissions are captured and stored.
G7氫能行動(dòng)計(jì)劃因其對(duì)低碳?xì)涞恼J(rèn)證存有爭(zhēng)議。低碳?xì)涫撬{(lán)氫的另一種說(shuō)法，藍(lán)氫對(duì)二氧化碳進(jìn)行了捕獲和儲(chǔ)存。藍(lán)氫對(duì)氣候的危害可能和燃燒用來(lái)生產(chǎn)藍(lán)氫的氣體一樣有害。
Germany’s steel makers and chemical industry, like world leader BASF, are hungry for hydrogen.
德國(guó)鋼鐵生產(chǎn)商和化工行業(yè)，如世界領(lǐng)先企業(yè)巴斯夫，都渴望發(fā)展氫能。
“We are adapting our plans for domestic production of green hydrogen from five gigawatts to ten gigawatts of electrolyser capacity by 2030,” Scholz noted. “This will only meet one-third of the expected demand. The majority needs to come from abroad.”
朔爾茨指出，德國(guó)正調(diào)整國(guó)內(nèi)綠氫生產(chǎn)計(jì)劃，到2030年將電解槽容量從5GW提升至10GW。且這只能滿足德國(guó)預(yù)期需求的1/3，德國(guó)仍需進(jìn)口大部分的氫。
Scholz pointed out the chicken and egg dilemma the foundation wants to tackle.
朔爾茨指出基金會(huì)想要解決先有雞還是先有蛋的困境。
Making a global market
打造全球市場(chǎng)
“Green hydrogen producers are ready to invest massively, but they require long-term off-take agreements and steel factories or chemical plants as potential consumers must be sure they will receive sufficient and competitive supplies before they invest,” he explained.
綠氫生產(chǎn)商已準(zhǔn)備進(jìn)行大規(guī)模投資，但需要鋼鐵廠或是化工廠的長(zhǎng)期承購(gòu)協(xié)議。潛在消費(fèi)者必須確保在投資前能獲得足夠且具有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的氫能供應(yīng)。
The instrument of choice in Berlin is the government-funded foundation H2Global, led by Kirsten Westphal. It was founded in May 2021, backed by €900 million of government money.
德國(guó)首選的工具是由Kirsten Westphal（德國(guó)科學(xué)和政治基金會(huì)全球問(wèn)題研究組高級(jí)研究員）主導(dǎo)、德國(guó)政府資助的基金會(huì)H2Global。H2Global成立于2021年5月，由德國(guó)政府提供9億歐元的資金支持。
At last year’s COP26 in Scotland, the foundation announced its instrument: Hintco. Before reselling it to the highest bidder, they guarantee ten-year purchasing contracts for hydrogen, a so-called double-auction model.
2021年在蘇格蘭舉行的COP26期間，H2Global公布了它們的工具：Hintco。在轉(zhuǎn)售給出價(jià)最高的競(jìng)標(biāo)者之前，基金會(huì)保證10年的氫氣采購(gòu)合同，這就是所謂的雙重拍賣模式。
Government money steps in to cover the difference between the costly production and the lower price buyers are willing to pay. And Scholz is looking to boost them further.
德國(guó)政府希望資金的介入彌補(bǔ)昂貴的生產(chǎn)成本和買家愿意支付的較低價(jià)格之間的差額。朔爾茨正尋求進(jìn)一步提升支持力度。
“We plan to invest more than €4 billion [into H2Global]. The first tenders will be launched soon,” he announced. H2Global is addressed explicitly to non-EU countries.
朔爾茨表示計(jì)劃向H2Global基金投資超過(guò)40億歐元。且盡快啟動(dòng)第一批招標(biāo)項(xiàng)目。H2Global明確表示面向非歐盟國(guó)家。
On the other side, the EU’s hydrogen bank, expected to arrive late next year, is smaller at €3 billion and targets EU hydrogen producers.
預(yù)計(jì)于2023年年底成立的歐盟氫能銀行規(guī)模僅為30億歐元，且只針對(duì)歐盟氫氣生產(chǎn)商。
“The pilot phase of the Bank will start next year with a contracts-for-difference scheme under the Innovation Fund to support 100% of the cost gap compared to grey hydrogen produced in the EU,” explained EU Green Deal Chief Frans Timmermans on 25 October.
歐盟Green Deal負(fù)責(zé)人Frans Timmermans今年10月25日表示，歐盟氫能銀行將于2023年開(kāi)始試點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目，在創(chuàng)新基金下實(shí)施差異合同計(jì)劃，支持歐盟生產(chǎn)的灰氫100%的成本差距。
The bank would work in conjunction with H2Global to support “access of European consumers to hydrogen imports; according to Jonas Helseth, hydrogen is not an energy source but an energy sink, requiring vast amounts of electricity to be produced and to assist the emergence of early hydrogen hubs in the EU,” he added.
歐盟氫能銀行將和H2Global 合作，支持歐洲消費(fèi)者獲得進(jìn)口氫。據(jù)Jonas Helseth表示，氫氣不僅是一種能源，而且是一種能量庫(kù)，需要大量電力制氫，協(xié)助歐盟早期氫能中心的出現(xiàn)。
Thus, Germany’s unilateral global hydrogen market is far heftier than the EU’s domestic tool.
因此，德國(guó)單邊的全球氫能市場(chǎng)遠(yuǎn)比歐盟內(nèi)部的工具重要得多。
Country-specific initiatives
歐盟：和不同國(guó)家之間合作計(jì)劃
So far, COP27 has seen the EU commit to additional initiatives as well. On Wednesday, Commission President Ursula von der Leyen signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) establishing a strategic partnership between the EU and Namibia, which features hydrogen prominently.
在COP27會(huì)議期間，到目前為止，歐盟已承諾采取更多措施。歐盟委員會(huì)主席烏爾蘇拉·馮德萊恩簽署歐盟和納米比亞之間的戰(zhàn)略伙伴關(guān)系MoU，其中的亮點(diǎn)是氫能。
On Tuesday, she signed one with Kazakhstan and a more concrete agreement with Egypt is set to follow, which will likely include EU-Egypt hydrogen trading provisions, something Germany has long pushed for.
馮德萊恩和哈薩克斯坦簽署合作協(xié)議，隨后將和埃及達(dá)成更為具體的協(xié)議，其中可能包括歐盟-埃及氫能貿(mào)易條款，這是德國(guó)長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)一直在推動(dòng)的。
Scholz explained that Germany was working with Brazil, Morocco, South Africa and Tunisia to “build local capacities” around the green hydrogen value chain.
朔爾茨表示，德國(guó)正和巴西、摩洛哥、南非和突尼斯合作，圍繞綠氫價(jià)值鏈發(fā)展當(dāng)?shù)刂茪淠芰Α?/p>
SOURCE: EURACTIV
資料來(lái)源：EURACTIV
原文始發(fā)于微信公眾號(hào)（hydrogenfuelcellinfo）：德國(guó)總理奧拉夫·朔爾茨推出全球氫能計(jì)劃，令歐盟計(jì)劃相形見(jiàn)絀
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